Ward Round Notes

The cranial nerves The face is supplied by 3 branches of the tri gemminal nerve, and the back of the head is supplied by the cervical nerves. the spinal nerves C1-8 supplies the  back of head and upper limbs C3-4 supplies the shoulder. C6, 7 and 8 supplies the hand from lateral to medial. T1-12 supplies the trunk  T1 supplies the anterior medial surface of the arm. T4 is at the level of the nipples and T10 is at the level of the umbellicus L1-5 supplies the anterior leg and lower back. L2 supplies the pocket shaped areas L 3 supplies the knee S1 supplies the lateral side of the foot S2 supplies the back of leg S3 supplies the penis.

Control of serum calcium levels Bone is made up of hydroyapatite and a fibrous framework. Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 + Ca(OH) 2 à Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 (OH) Tricalcium phosphate + calcium hydroxide à hydroxyapatite Bone is maintained by osteo C lasts which ‘ C rush’/breaks down bone and osteo B lasts which B uild bone. The breaking down of old bone is also called bone resorption and the formation of new bone is called ossification . This constant relaying of bone helps reshape bones, and repair micro-damages as well as injuries. This continuous bone remodeling is called bone turnover. In adults the rates of bone formation and bone breakdown is usually almost equal. Calcium levels in the body are regulated by parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and vitamin D. The levels of calcium in blood is carefully controlled in the short term, and the total levels of calcium in the body also needs to be constantly maintained. The regulation of calcium is mainly carried out by Parathyroid hormone, whi...

The brachial plexus is a network of somatic nerves formed by the anterior rami of C5-8 and part of the anterior ramus of T1. It originates from the neck and passes laterally over the first rib and down into the axilla. Major nerves innervating the upper limb originates from the brachial plexus. The nerves are posterior to the subclavian artery proximally and surrounds the axillary artery more distally.