Ward Round Notes

Erb's palsy refers to a palsy involving C5-6 of the brachial plexus. It often occurs in neonates due to traction injury to the arm usually during birth. Erb's palsy affects the deltoids, the biceps and the brachialis muscles and may also affect sensation in the axillary and musculocutaneous (lateral) distribution. people with Erb's palsy have difficulty supinating the forearm, flexing the arm at the elbow and abbducting the arm, leaving the arm in a 'waiter's tip' position. Klumpke's paralysis refers to the paralysis of the lower brachial plexus (C8-T1). It affects the intrinsic muscles of the hand, the flexors of the fingers and the wrist and the pronators of the forearm resulting in a 'clawed hand' and may also cause constriction of the pupils, ptosis, and anhydrosis (honer's syndrome). http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/brachial-plexus-assessment-and-common-injuries http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klumpke_paralysis http://birthinjury.o...

Definition: Inflammation of the middle ear with the collection of fluid, without acute signs of inflammation. Also known as glue ear. Pathophysiology:  The pathophysiology of glue ear is not fully known, however it is thought to be associated with Eustachian tube dysfunction. This is either thought to lead to a sterile accumulation of fluids that predisposes the middle ear to infections, or is thought to cause more acute infections of the middle ear that then leads to chronic effusion. Children with cleft palate also often have glue ear as their tensor veli palatini muscle does not attatch properly to the soft palate such that the Eustachian tube does not open on swallowing or mouth opening.

Patterns of childhood illnesses